Method of manufacturing rails.



N. RBNDLEMAN. METHOD OF MANUFACTURING RAILS.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 29, 1908. Y 939,320, Patented Nov. 9,1909.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

WITNESSES: I INVEN'VI'OR v HQLA Ir lg- N. RBNDLEMAN.

METHOD'OF MANUFACTURING RAILS.

- APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 29,1908. 939,320 Patented Nov. 9, 1909.

4 SHEETS-SHEET Z. 1

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" IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII PT. 999999 s. 939,320. PatentedN0v.9,1909.

FlllEa- WITNESSES:

N. RENDLEMAN. METHOD, OF MANUFACTURING RAILS.

. I APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 29, 1908.

Patented Nov. 9, 1909.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

WITNESSES:

NORMAN RENDLEMAN,

OF KNOXVILLE, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO JONES &

LAUGHLIN STEEL COMPANY, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OFPENNSYLVANIA. I

METHOD OF MANUFACTURING RAILS.

Application filed September 29, 1908.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 9, 1909.

Serial No. 455,284.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, NORMAN RENDLEMAN, residing at Knoxville, in thecounty of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, a citizen of the UnitedStates, have invented or discovered certain new and useful Improvementsin Methods of Manufacturing-Rails, of which improvement the following isa specification.

In the present practice of rolling rails the metal is shaped in passesformed in horizontal rolls and on account of the shape of the article,all the work on the metal is effected by pressure applied to all parts,i. 6., web, flange and head and at right angles to the plane of the web,except in one or two upsetting passes occurring before the shaplng ofthe head has commenced. When rolled in this manner the metal will becaused to stratify following the well known law that ductile materialswhen subjected to pressure will stratify more or less in planes at rightangles to the direction of applied pressure. As in the manufacture ofrails, the metal while in a highly ductile condition is subjected topressure as above stated, there is a stratification in planes parallelto the direction in which load is applied to the rail when in use. Inother words a rail when in use has its strata all on edge and whensubjected to heavy loads applied to the edges of the strata, portion ofthe head outside of the planes of the web will split off, and at timesthe split will pass through the head and web. In addition to thestratification due to pressure, a further stratification is produced dueto entrained slag etc., gas pockets etc. In rolling, the pocketscontaining the slag etc., are flattened, the walls of the pockets beingextended in directions at right angles to applied pressure, thusproducing a further stratification in planes parallel with the directionin which the load is applied to the rail when in use.

The invention described herein has for its object in the reduction of aningot or bloom to a finished rail, the application of reducingpressures, in such manner that the Stratification of the head and flangewhether due to pressure alone or to the closure of pockets in the metal,will occur in planes at right angles to the direction loads are appliedto the rail when in use.

The invention is hereinafter described and claimed. a

In the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification,Figure 1 is an elevation of portions of rolls having passes suitable forroughing down the bloom or ingot to shape or form, Fig. 2 is anelevation showing the arrangement of rolls for the finishing mills,Figs. 3, 4, 5 and 6 are enlarged views showing suitable constructionsofpasses in the several finishing mills, Fig. 7 is an end elevation ofthe shape or form and Fig. 8 is a similar View of the completed rail.

In the practice of the invention, the bloom or ingot is reduced inpasses a, b, 0, and d four or more in number and preferably formed inhorizontal rolls of a two or three high mill. In these passes the ingotor bloom is shaped and in subsequent passes hereinafter described thisshape or form is reduced to final dimensions. The roughing passes a, b,0 etc. are so constructed as to produce by their successive operations aform or shape 1, see Fig. 7, having a heightconsiderably greater thanthe height of the railto be formed and having the flange and headportions 2 and 3 of widths but little greater than those of thecorresponding parts of the rail. The web portion 4 is made of such athickness relative to this finished web and the reduction desired in thefinishing passes that there will not be any material internal flow ofmetal to or from the web in reducing the shape to a rail. The subsequentreduction of the shape is effected in a universal mill having horizontaland vertical rolls 5 and 6 which have their operative faces constructedto form passes f, g, h and j in which the shape or form mensionsv Itwill be observed that on account of the contour of the shape,substantially all of the reduction is effected by the vertical rolls 4and 5, and that the reduction eflected by the horizontal rolls is smallin each pass except where they operate on the web portion of the shape.

Itwill be observed that in my improved method, substantially the entirereduction of the head and flange is by pressure appliedin directionssubstantially at right angles to the direction of pressure in the oldmethod, and as stratification occurs in planes at right angles to thepressure, the Stratification produced in my method is at right angles tothat produced in former methods. In other is brought to finaldifacturing rails, the method herein described which consists insubjecting the metal which is being rolled to reducing pressure appliedin directions substantially parallel With the Web or the direction inwhich loads are normally applied to the finished rail.

2. As an improvement in the art of manufacturing rails the method hereindescribed which consists in causing a stratification of the metal of thehead and flange portions in planes at an angle to the web or thedirection in which loads are tobe applied to the finished rail byreducing pressure applied in directions substantially at right angles tothe planes in which it is desired the strata should extend.

3. As an improvement in the art of manufacturing rails, the methodherein described which consists in reducing an ingot or bloom to a shapeor form of a height greater than that of the rails to be formed,reducing), the head, flange and web portions the reducing pressureapplied to the head and flange portion being at or approximately atright angles to the direction in which reducing pressure is applied tothe web portion of the shape.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand.

NORMAN 1t EU I )LE MA N.

\Vitnesses CHARLES BARNETT, FRANois J TOMASSON.

